ABSTRACT
Background: Microalbuminuria is a marker of widespread vascular damage in diabetic as well as non-diabetic patients. However, more and more evidence is accumulating that microalbuminuria is an important cardiovascular risk factor even in the general population. Its early detection helps in preventing the progression of cardiac decompensation. Aggressive treatment of microalbuminuria is associated with improved renal and cardiac functions. Aim of the study: To find out the prevalence of microalbuminuria in non-diabetic and nonhypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. Materials and methods: Prospective nonrandomized case series was done in the Department of General Medicine, GAAMCH, Karapettai, Kanchipuram in the year 2017. In this 50 non-diabetic and non-hypertensive CAD patients were selected from those admitted in General Medicine ward. Data collection was by clinical history, examination and investigations such as blood investigations- fasting blood sugar, blood urea, serum creatinine, serum electrolytes, fasting lipid profile, urine albumin, and deposits, chest X-ray PA view, ECG, Echo were done and reports were analyzed thoroughly. Results: Among the males, 94.3% were smokers and 5.7% were non-smokers. 100% of women were non-smokers. There were 12 patients with abnormal total cholesterol, out of which 10 patients (83.33%) had microalbuminuria and out of 38 patients (73.68%) with normal total cholesterol, 28 had microalbuminuria. The observation showed that there was no significant association between total cholesterol and microalbuminuria (P>0.05). Namashivayam Shanmugasundram, Raja Ponnusamy. A study of prevalence of microalbuminuria in non-diabetic nonhypertensive coronary artery disease. IAIM, 2019; 6(4): 31-35. Page 32 Conclusion: Among the 50 non-diabetic non-hypertensive CAD patients, 38 patients (76%) had microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria is positively associated with the ischemic heart disease in nondiabetic non-hypertensive CAD patients and can be regarded as an additional risk factor for ischemic heart disease. Hence screening for microalbuminuria is a worthwhile public tool for cardiac risk stratification and targeting preventive strategies.
ABSTRACT
Exposure to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) by prostate cancer (PCa) patients is increasing, either in early-stage and in metastatic disease. Frequently, ADT becomes a long-term treatment, lasting even more than 10 years, starting with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists or antagonists, until the newest hormonal treatments as Abiraterone and Enzalutamide. As a consequence, ADT related adverse events occurred. We reviewed the medical literature using Pubmed search terms “prostate cancer”, “androgen deprivation”, “metabolic syndrome”, “cardiovascular diseases” and “psychological assessment”. The search was limited to manuscripts published in English language between 1999 and 2016, preferring more recent review articles. Metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, rather than PCa itself, are the most common causes of mortality, particularly in early stage PCa patients. All these adverse eff ects synergistically increase morbidity in patients taking ADT. Psychological-cognitive implications emerging during ADT result in a signifi cant reduction of health-related quality of life of PCa patients. ADT is associated with several adverse events, which physicians andpatients should evaluate when recommending ADT. Multidisciplinary approach, with diff erent clinicians such as Urologist, Radiotherapist, Oncologist, Endocrinologist, Cardiologist, Psychologist, is mandatory for the suitable clinical management of patients with PCa submitted to ADT.